####  Utility Functions for lme4 Testing
####  ----------------------------------
if(FALSE) ### "Load" these by
    source(system.file("testdata/lme-tst-funs.R", package="lme4", mustWork=TRUE))
## e.g. from ../../tests/glmmWeights.R

##' example originally from Gabor Grothendieck
##' https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-sig-mixed-models/2010q2/003726.html
##'
##' @title Simple LMM with 1 ran.eff., 1 fixed eff.
rSim.11 <- function(n, k, sigma=1, beta=2) {
    stopifnot(length(n) == 1, length(k) == 1, n > k, k >= 1, k == round(k))
    x <- 1:n
    fac <- gl(k, 1, n)
    fac.eff <- rnorm(k, 0, 4)[fac]
    e <- rnorm(n, sd=sigma)
    data.frame(x, fac,
               y = 1 + beta * x + fac.eff + e)
}

##' General GLMM simulation  for the model   y ~ x + (1|block)
##' i.e. (2-way notation)   Y_{ij} = \beta_1 + \beta_2 x_{ij} +  B_j,
##'                                  i = 1..nperblk,  j = 1..nblk
gSim <- function(nblk=26,
                 nperblk=100,
                 sigma=1,    ## st.dev. of ran.eff  B
                 beta=c(4,3),
                 x = runif(n),## sd = sqrt(1/12) = 0.2887; allow also x=c(0,1)
                 shape=2,    ## shape parameter for Gamma
                 nbinom=10,  ## N for binomial trials
                 family=Gamma())
{
    stopifnot(nblk <= 1e7, nblk * nperblk <= 5e7) # some sanity ..
    ## ch.set: a large enough set of "letters", as level-labels for 'block':
    nc <- length(ch.set <- c(LETTERS, letters,
                             paste0(LETTERS,LETTERS), paste0(LETTERS,letters)))
    while(nblk > nc) nc <-
	length(ch.set <- c(paste0(ch.set, LETTERS),
			   paste0(ch.set, letters)))
    stopifnot(1 <= nblk, nblk <= length(ch.set))
    d <- expand.grid(block = ch.set[1:nblk],
                     rep= 1:nperblk, KEEP.OUT.ATTRS=FALSE)
    stopifnot(nblk == length(levels(d$block)),
              (n <- nrow(d)) == nblk * nperblk, length(x) == n, length(beta) == 2)
    d$ x <- x
    reff_f <- rnorm(nblk, sd=sigma)
    ## need intercept large enough to avoid negative values
    d$ eta0 <- beta[1] + beta[2]*x  ## fixed effects only
    d$ eta  <- d$eta0 + reff_f[d$block]
    d$ mu   <- family$linkinv(d$eta)
    d$ y <- switch(family$family,
                   "Gamma" = rgamma(n,scale=d$mu/shape,shape=shape),
                   "poisson" = rpois(n,d$mu),
		   "binomial"= {
		       z <- rbinom(n, prob=d$mu, size=nbinom)
		       if (nbinom==1) z else cbind(succ = z, fail = nbinom-z)
		   },
                   stop("Family ", family$family, " not supported here"))
    d
}

### For Model comparisons

## a version of getME() that can be used for objects, both from lme4.0 or lme4
gimME <- function(mod, nm, is.mer = is(mod,"mer"))
    if(is.mer) lme4.0::getME(mod,nm) else lme4::getME(mod,nm)

##' @title All Coefficients of fitted  (G)LMM model
##' @param mod a fitted (G)LMM model from pkg lme4.0 or lme4
##' @param incl.t logical, indicating if 'beta' should include std.errors and t-values
##' @return named vector of coefficients [ beta | theta | sigma ]
##' @author Martin Maechler
allcoefs <- function(mod, incl.t = FALSE) {
    iMer <- is(mod, "mer")
    ## incl.t: rather also the std.err., t-values:
    c(beta = if(incl.t) coef(summary(mod)) else gimME(mod, "beta", iMer),
      gimME(mod,"theta", iMer),# have their own names
      sigma = if(iMer) lme4.0::sigma(mod) else lme4::sigma(mod))
}

##' S3 method but also works for lme4.0:
all.equal.merMod <- function(target, current, incl.t=FALSE, ...) {
    all.equal(allcoefs(target,  incl.t),
              allcoefs(current, incl.t), ...)
}

##' some optimizer info
isOptimized <- function(mod) mod@optinfo[["conv"]][["opt"]] == 0
baseOpti <- function(mod) mod@optinfo[c("optimizer", "conv","feval")]